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Human Digestive system parts are liver, glands, stomach, intestines, gallbladder and mouth etc. There are totally 6 main functions of Human Digestive System. These processes or functions are:
- Ingestion
- Motility
- Secretion
- Digestion
- Absorption
- Excretion

The Digestive System Parts are mentioned and explained below with the functions of all these parts. The Secretion is also mentioned in the table.
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Organ | Function | Secretion |
Oral Cavity |
Teeth | Mastication, Communication. | None |
Lips and Cheeks | Manipulation of food, hold food in position between teeth, communication. | Saliva from buccal glands (only mucous). |
Tongue | Manipulation of food, hold food in position between teeth, cleaning of the teeth and the taste. | Some mucous and small amount of serous fluid. |
Salivary Glands |
Parotid Glands | Secretion of saliva through ducts to superior and posterior part of oral cavity. | Saliva with amylase. |
Sub-Mandibular Glands | Secretion of saliva in floor of oral cavity. | Saliva with amylase and mucous. |
Sublingual Glands | Secretion of saliva in floor of oral cavity. | Mucous saliva only. |
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Pharynx | Deglutition (movement of food from oral cavity to esophagus). | Some mucous. |
Esophagus | Movement of food by peristalsis from pharynx to stomach. | Mucous. |
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Stomach(Mechanical mixing of food, enzymatic digestion, storage, absorption) |
Mucous cells | Protection of stomach wall by mucous protection. | Mucous |
Parietal cells | Decrease in stomach PH. | Hydrochloric Acid |
Zymogen cells | Protein Digestion. | Pepsinogen |
Endocrine cells | Regulation of secretion and motility. | Gastrin |
Accessory Gland |
Liver | Secretion of bile into duodenum. | Bile |
Gall Bladder | Bile storage, absorb water and electrolytes into concentrate bile. | None of its own secretion stores and concentrates bile. |
pancreas | Secretion of several digestive enzymes and bicarbonate ion into duodenum. | Trypsin, chemotrysin, pancreatic amylase, pancreatic lipase, bicarbonates. |
|
Duodenal glands | Protection | Mucous |
Globlet cells | Protection | Mucous |
Absorptive cells | Secretion of digestive enzyme and absorption of digestive materials. | Enterokinase, amylase, peptidases, sucrose, maltase, lactase, lipase. |
Endocrine cells | Regulation of secretion and motility. | Gastrin, secretin. |
|
Globlet cell | Absorption, storage and food movement, protection. | Mucous. |
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