Human Digestive System Parts and their Functions

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Human Digestive system parts are liver, glands, stomach, intestines, gallbladder and mouth etc. There are totally 6 main functions of Human Digestive System. These processes or functions are:

• Ingestion
• Motility
• Secretion
• Digestion
• Absorption
• Excretion

The Digestive System Parts are mentioned and explained below with the functions of all these parts. The Secretion is also mentioned in the table.

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Organ	Function	Secretion
Oral Cavity
Teeth	Mastication, Communication.	None
Lips and Cheeks	Manipulation of food, hold food in position between teeth, communication.	Saliva from buccal glands (only mucous).
Tongue	Manipulation of food, hold food in position between teeth, cleaning of the teeth and the taste.	Some mucous and small amount of serous fluid.
Salivary Glands
Parotid Glands	Secretion of saliva through ducts to superior and posterior part of oral cavity.	Saliva with amylase.
Sub-Mandibular Glands	Secretion of saliva in floor of oral cavity.	Saliva with amylase and mucous.
Sublingual Glands	Secretion of saliva in floor of oral cavity.	Mucous saliva only.

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Pharynx	Deglutition (movement of food from oral cavity to esophagus).	Some mucous.
Esophagus	Movement of food by peristalsis from pharynx to stomach.	Mucous.

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Stomach (Mechanical mixing of food, enzymatic digestion, storage, absorption)
Mucous cells	Protection of stomach wall by mucous protection.	Mucous
Parietal cells	Decrease in stomach PH.	Hydrochloric Acid
Zymogen cells	Protein Digestion.	Pepsinogen
Endocrine cells	Regulation of secretion and motility.	Gastrin
Accessory Gland
Liver	Secretion of bile into duodenum.	Bile
Gall Bladder	Bile storage, absorb water and electrolytes into concentrate bile.	None of its own secretion stores and concentrates bile.
pancreas	Secretion of several digestive enzymes and bicarbonate ion into duodenum.	Trypsin, chemotrysin, pancreatic amylase, pancreatic lipase, bicarbonates.
Small Intestine (Read More)
Duodenal glands	Protection	Mucous
Globlet cells	Protection	Mucous
Absorptive cells	Secretion of digestive enzyme and absorption of digestive materials.	Enterokinase, amylase, peptidases, sucrose, maltase, lactase, lipase.
Endocrine cells	Regulation of secretion and motility.	Gastrin, secretin.
Large Intestine (Read More)
Globlet cell	Absorption, storage and food movement, protection.	Mucous.