Chemistry

Examples of Chemical Reaction

We elaborate that what are the examples of chemical reaction? A chemical reaction is the process in which two or more substances, called reactants , chemically affect each other to create one or more new substances, called products, which have properties that are markedly different from the initial ones. This process can occur gradually while the reagents are being mixed, or in an instant they are just in contact. It requires a container that contains them, and that is why it takes the name of reactor .

During the chemical reaction, there is always a release or absorption of energy by the materials. This energy can be in the form of heat or mechanical work , and it can have two destinations:

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  1. Let it be released into the environment until it disperses.
  2. That it is used in the chemical industry, commonly to supply smaller tasks and thus save on fuel and electricity.

The chemical equation

A chemical equation is the representation of a chemical reaction. Indicate the substances that are participating and the products that are generated. Between them, an arrow indicates in which direction the process is carried out.examples of chemical reaction

A + B -> C + D

The equation must always be balanced , that is, it is a requirement that each formula be accompanied by the stoichiometric coefficient , a number that says in what relationship the substances participate.

For example, the balanced equation for the combustion of methane, with the formula CH 4 is:

CH 4 + 2 O 2 -> CO 2 + 2 H 2 O

The ratio in which the substances participate is 1: 2: 1: 2

Types of chemical reactions

Chemical reactions can be classified into four main groups, based on the way in which reactants interact to create products:

  1. Synthesis reactions
  2. Decomposition reactions
  3. Simple substitution reactions
  4. Double substitution reactions

Synthesis reactions examples of chemical reaction

In synthesis reactions, the atoms of two or more reactants combine to create a single substance. The equation to represent them is:

A + B -> C

For example: examples of chemical reaction

N + 3H 2 -> 2NH 3

Decomposition reactions

In decomposition reactions, a single reactant separates into two or more products. The equation to represent it is:

A -> B + C

For example: examples of chemical reaction

COCl 2 -> CO + Cl 2

Simple substitution reactions

In simple substitution reactions, an element is exchanged from one substance to another. The equation to represent it is:

A + BC -> B + AC

For example: examples of chemical reaction

Zn + 2 HCl -> ZnCl 2 + H 2

Double substitution reactions

In double substitution reactions, reactants exchange elements to produce two new substances. The equation to represent it is:

AB + CD -> AD + BC

For example: examples of chemical reaction

HCl + NaOH -> NaCl + H 2 O

Other types of chemical reaction

There are more types of chemical reaction depending on the nature of their process:examples of chemical reaction

  1. Neutralization reaction
  2. Combustion reaction
  3. Oxidation reaction examples of chemical reaction

In the neutralization reaction , an acid and a base interact, counteracting each other. If they are in stoichiometric quantities (exact to finish the reaction without excess of them), then a pH = 7 will be reached, also known as neutral pH. On the other hand, if one is in excess, the pH will lean towards the corresponding one. If there is acid left over, the pH will be less than 7, between 1 and 6. If there is base left, the pH will be higher than 7, between 8 and 14.examples of chemical reaction

In the combustion reaction , an organic substance such as hydrocarbons is started by a spark and begins to react with the oxygen O 2 that surrounds it, disintegrating to produce carbon dioxide CO 2 and water vapor H 2 O by carbons and hydrogens that are detaching from their chain. Due to the breaking of the covalent bonds that join the carbons and hydrogens, a considerable amount of heat energy is produced, which is usually used for something else.

In the oxidation reaction , the surface atoms of a metal are exposed and available to react with the oxygen O 2 in the air. This reaction generates a layer of oxide molecules on the outside of the metal, which in the best case can protect the internal atoms from reacting. However, the reaction is likely to continue through layers of material until most of its structure is converted to oxide. This is called corrosion .examples of chemical reaction

20 examples of chemical reaction

Synthesis reactions

  1. N 2 + 3H 2 -> 2NH 3
  2. NH 3 + H 2 O -> NH 4 OH
  3. NH 3 + HNO 3 -> NH 4 NO 3

Decomposition reactions

  1. COCl 2 -> CO + Cl 2
  2. CaCO 3 -> CaO + CO 2
  3. 2NaHCO 3 -> Na 2 CO 3 + H 2 O + CO 2

Simple substitution reactions

  1. Zn + 2HCl -> ZnCl 2 + H 2
  2. 2Al + 3SnCl 2 -> 3Sn + 2AlCl 3
  3. Cu + 2AgNO 3 -> 2Ag + Cu (NO 3 ) 2

Double substitution reactions

  1. AgNO 3 + HCl -> HNO 3 + AgCl
  2. Pb (NO 3 ) 2 + 2KI -> PbI 2 + 2KNO 3
  3. CuO + 2HCl -> CuCl 2 + H 2 O

Neutralization reactions

  1. HCl + NaOH -> NaCl + H 2 O
  2. H 2 SO 4 + Ca (OH) 2 -> CaSO 4 + 2H 2 O
  3. H 3 PO 4 + Al (OH) 3 -> AlPO 4 + 3H 2 O

Combustion reactions examples of chemical reaction

  1. CH 4 + 2O 2 -> CO 2 + 2H 2 O
  2. C 2 H 6 + 7/2 O 2 -> 2CO 2 + 3H 2 O
  3. C 3 H 8 + 5O 2 -> 3CO 2 + 4H 2 O

Oxidation reactions examples of chemical reaction

  1. 2Fe + 3/2 O 2 -> Fe 2 O 3
  2. 2Na + ½ O 2 -> Na 2 O

 

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