The general formula for hydroxides is:

X (OH) n; where X is any metallic element or cation. And OH- is a polyatomic anion with a global charge of -1.

When the proton is lost , the oxygen is left negatively charged by the hydrogen electron that has been removed.

The hydroxide anion is a basic compound. When a hydroxide dissolves in water, it decreases the acidity of the medium.

Nomenclature of these compounds

All chemical formulas have their proper nomenclature that reflects a lot of information. For hydroxides there are three nomenclatures:

• Traditional : starts with the word “hydroxide”, then the metallic element and valence.
• Out of stock : similar to the previous one. The valence of the element will be expressed in Roman numerals and in parentheses.
• Systematic : the numerical prefixes to the word “hydroxide” are placed first.

Examples of hydroxides

• • Sodium hydroxide, NaOH
  • Barium hydroxide, Ba (OH) 2
  • Aluminum hydroxide, Al (OH) 3
  • Zinc hydroxide, Zn (OH) 2
  • Ferric hydroxide, Fe (OH) 3
  • Ferrous hydroxide, Fe (OH) 2
  • Cupric hydroxide, Cu (OH) 2
  • Cuprous hydroxide, CuOH
  • Calcium hydroxide, Ca (OH) 2
  • Lithium hydroxide, LiOH
  • Chromium (III) hydroxide, Cr (OH) 3
  • Lead (IV) hydroxide, Pb (OH) 4
  • Gold (III) hydroxide, Au (OH) 3
  • Silver hydroxide, AgOH
  • Mercuric hydroxide, Hg (OH) 2
  • Beryllium hydroxide, Be (OH) 2
  • Lead (II) hydroxide, Pb (OH) 2
  • Platinum (IV) hydroxide, Pt (OH) 4
  • Cobalt hydroxide, Co (OH) 2
  • Manganese hydroxide, Mn (OH) 3
  • Strontium hydroxide, Sr (OH) 2
  • Magnesium hydroxide, Mg (OH) 2
  • Tin (II) hydroxide, Sn (OH) 2
  • Ammonium hydroxide, NH4OH
  • Cadmium hydroxide, Cd (OH) 2
  • Auric hydroxide Au (OH) 3
  • Hypozirconium hydroxide Zr (OH) 3
  • Lead hydroxide Pb (OH) 4
  • Potassium hydroxide KOH
  • Copper hydroxide CuOH
  • Copper dihydroxide Cu (OH) 2
  • Iron dihydroxide Fe (OH) 2
  • Iron trihydroxide Fe (OH) 3
  • Aluminum trihydroxide Al (OH) 3
  • Lead tetrahydroxide Pb (OH) 4
  • Manganese hexahydroxide Mn (OH) 6
  • Hypochromic hydroxide Cr (OH) 2
  • Chromous hydroxide Cr (OH) 3
  • Chromic hydroxide Cr (OH) 6
  • Hypovanced hydroxide V (OH) 2
  • Vanate hydroxide V (OH) 3
  • Vanadic hydroxide V (OH) 4
  • Pervanadic hydroxide V (OH) 5
  • Beryllium Dihydroxide Be (OH) 2
  • Chromium dihydroxide Cr (OH) 2
  • Chromium trihydroxide Cr (OH) 3
  • Chromium hexahydroxide Cr (OH) 6
  • Tin tetrahydroxide Sn (OH) 4
  • Iron (II) hydroxide Fe (OH) 2
  • Iron (III) hydroxide Fe (OH) 3
  • Mercury (I) hydroxide HgOH
  • Beryllium hydroxide Be (OH) 2
  • NaOH sodium monohydroxide.

Examples of uses of hydroxides

• • NaOH for the manufacture of soap, detergents, etc.
  • Ca (OH) 2 for construction, bleaches, etc.
  • Fe (OH) 3 in fertilizers.