An isotope is a type of atom whose peculiarity is that it is made up of an equal atomic number but a different mass number, that is, the sum of the atomic weights of the protons and neutrons in the nucleus. In this sense, we must point out that an atom can have several isotopes and remain the same element, where it will be located in the same position in the periodic table but the number of neutrons is different.

Isotopes are defined as those atoms that have the same atomic number but their atomic mass is different; for this reason it would be to say that they have the same number of protons , but a different number of neutrons . In nature you can find different elements that are configured to a great variety of different isotopes.

There are isotopes naturally that are stable, tin is the element with the most isotopes with 10 to be precise, while other elements have fewer isotopes. Only 21 elements have natural isotopes, but humans have been able to create artificial isotopes that are unstable, most of these isotopes are created with radioactive elements, creating more powerful substances but that do not last long, given the disintegration of the atom.

It is due to this disintegration property that isotopes can be used in conjunction with mathematical functions to determine the age of some object or substance depending on the level of disintegration that may exist in the isotopes found in said material. This method is so accurate that it has been perfected and adapted to help determine the age of the earth.

Examples of isotopes

1. Isotope
2. million
3. Hydrogen-1
4. Hydrogen -2
5. Helium-4
6. Helium-3
7. Oxygen-16
8. Carbon-12
9. Carbon-13
10. Neon-20
11. Neon-22
12. Iron-56
13. Iron-54
14. Iron-57
15. Mercury 201
16. Lead 207
17. Potassium 39
18. Samarium 147
19. Germanium 74
20. Titanium 49
21. Iron 56
22. Tin 122
23. Argon 40
24. Neon 22
25. Boron 11
26. Helium 4
27. Zirconium 94
28. Chrome 20
29. Oxygen 18
30. Lithium 6
31. Sulfur 32
32. Carbon 12
33. Cerium 140
34. Silver 107
35. Cobalt 60
36. Technetium 99
37. Bromine 82
38. Radio 226
39. Iodine 131
40. Arsenic 73
41. Nitrogen 15
42. Gold 198
43. Phosphorus 32
44. Scandium 46
45. Fluorine 18
46. Calcium 48
47. Chlorine 35
48. Chromium 50
49. Dysprosium 163
50. Gallium 69
51. Gadolinium 158
52. Magnesium 24
53. Ytterbium 173
54. Indian 115
55. Palladium 102
56. Thallium 205
57. Selenium 82
58. Ruthenium 98
59. Nickel 60
60. Osmium 160