Chemistry

Examples of Organic Chemistry

We explain that what are examples of Organic Chemistry? The organic chemistry is the branch of chemistry that is responsible for studying the carbon – based compounds . Carbon C is an element capable of forming long chains with its atoms, complementing itself with hydrogen mainly. The structure that is formed is called the hydrocarbon chain , which is related to all living organisms. Due to the enormous number of compounds of this type, this branch is also called carbon chemistry .

The hydrocarbon chains can be accompanied by other elements such as oxygen O, nitrogen N, phosphorus P and sulfur S, among many more in the periodic table. Thus, the universally known molecules emerge as: hydrocarbons, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, ethers, esters, acid anhydrides, amines, amides, mercaptans, carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, enzymes, vitamins, nucleic acids and polymers.
Here we understand not only the study of these substances, but also that of the reactions that occur between them and the mechanisms to produce them from certain reagents. The uses that can be given to them to benefit humanity and to take advantage of them economically are explored . From this discipline start the food, pharmaceutical, textile, polymer industries, among others from which useful products for everyday life come.

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50 examples of organic chemistry

 

  1. The fermentation process of sugars to produce ethyl alcohol C 2 H 5
  2. The elaboration of soap by means of a saponification reaction, in which stearic acid CH 3 (CH 2 ) 16 COOH and sodium hydroxide NaOH participate.
  3. Oxygen from respiration is taken up by hemoglobin, a blood pigment, to be transported to all cells in the body.
  4. The carbon dioxide CO 2 released by the body’s cells after their processes is taken up by hemoglobin to be taken to the lungs and expelled on exhalation.
  5. Production of biodiesel from used cooking oils.
  6. Fortifying foods by adding nutrients such as vitamins.
  7. The production of omeprazole, a drug to combat heartburn.
  8. The synthesis of acetylsalicylic acid, an analgesic drug known as aspirin.
  9. The synthesis of glucose C 6 H 12 O 6 from carbon dioxide CO 2 in the environment and sunlight, a phenomenon that occurs in photosynthesis.
  10. The preparation of sucralose, a very potent sweetener, involves the replacement of some hydroxyls of glucose by chlorine atoms.
  11. The polymerization of vinyl chloride CH 2 = CHCl to produce polyvinyl chloride or PVC.
  12. The polymerization of isoprene to produce polyisoprene or synthetic rubber.
  13. The physical separation of the components of oil, due to their different boiling points, when heated in towers.
  14. The manufacture of nitroglycerin from glycerol and nitric acid HNO 3 .
  15. The formation of lactose in the combination of fructose and glucose.
  16. The preparation of polyurethane from a dicarboxylic acid.
  17. The manufacture of vinegar, which has acetic acid CH 3 COOH, from fermented apples.
  18. The extraction of soybean oil by means of the solvent hexane.
  19. The synthesis of butylhyoscine, an analgesic and antispasmodic drug.
  20. The action of thiamine or vitamin B1, which participates in the well-being of the central nervous system.
  21. The action of riboflavin or vitamin B2, which participates in the proper functioning of the nervous system.
  22. The action of retinol or vitamin A, which helps maintain healthy eyesight.
  23. The production of gasoline from separating some octane from the oil composition.
  24. The synthesis of penicillin, a very powerful antibiotic to fight many infections.
  25. The origin of lactose, a disaccharide that is the molecule that combines maltose and glucose.
  26. The intervention of the enzyme amylase to digest the starch contained in food.
  27. The intervention of the tissue transglutaminase enzyme to correctly assimilate gluten.
  28. The action of ascorbic acid or vitamin C in improving the immune system.
  29. The origin of oil from the decomposition of primitive organisms, at high pressures between the soil sediments.
  30. The synthesis of lidocaine, an agent that counteracts inflammation and muscle pain.
  31. The production of polyethylene from petroleum.
  32. The production of polypropylene from oil.
  33. The action of sex hormones in the regulation of human development and behavior.
  34. The action of growth hormone, secreted by the pituitary gland.
  35. The synthesis in the pharmaceutical laboratory of dicloxacillin.
  36. The synthesis in the pharmaceutical laboratory of ampicillin.
  37. The synthesis in the pharmaceutical laboratory of levothyroxine.
  38. The synthesis in the pharmaceutical laboratory of methicillin.
  39. The laboratory synthesis of carboxymethylcellulose.
  40. The synthesis in the pharmaceutical laboratory of paracetamol.
  41. The synthesis in the pharmaceutical laboratory of estradiol.
  42. The synthesis in the pharmaceutical laboratory of cyanocobalamin.
  43. The synthesis in the pharmaceutical laboratory of carbamazepine.
  44. The synthesis in the pharmaceutical laboratory of glutamic acid.
  45. The synthesis in the pharmaceutical laboratory of hydroxychloroquine.
  46. The synthesis of trinitrotoluene in an industrial plant.
  47. The laboratory synthesis of acetic anhydride.
  48. The laboratory synthesis of propionic anhydride.
  49. The laboratory synthesis of butyric anhydride.
  50. The laboratory synthesis of stearic anhydride.

 

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