The hormones act as chemical messengers in the body that control multiple functions and travel through blood to organs and tissues. These chemical components intervene in the processes of metabolism, growth and development , reproduction. In addition to this, they affect the mood and sexual appetite.

Some of the most important neurons are insulin, cortisol, thyroid hormones, growth hormone, and prolactin, among others. Most hormones are usually found in very low concentrations in the bloodstream. However, the concentration of a hormone will fluctuate according to activity or time of day.

It is impossible to survive without hormones. Hormones help children grow. During the process of adolescence , they lead to puberty. As we age, some levels of natural hormones decrease.

Features

Among the most important functions that are regulated by hormones are the proper functioning of multiple organs, development and growth of the human body , reproduction, sexual characteristics, control of blood levels of fluids, use and the storage of energy, salt and glucose.

Examples of types of hormones

Hormones can be natural or synthetic. In the case of natural ones, they are secreted by the glands of the endocrine system . Furthermore, according to their chemical nature, they can be derived from amino acids: peptidic or lipidic.

1. Serotonin : helps regulate appetite, controls body temperature, causes cell division and has a great influence on motor activity, cognition and cognitive function. In the same way, it is known as the “happiness hormone” since high levels cause feelings of well-being, relaxation and satisfaction.
2. Dopamine: Raises the heart rate and increases blood pressure, in addition to inhibiting the production of prolactin and thyrotropin-releasing hormone.
3. Adrenaline: Basic for fight or flight responses, raises the heart rate and suppresses non-vital processes.
4. Melatonin: it is a fundamental piece to control circadian rhythms since it causes drowsiness and helps to fall asleep.
5. Noradrenaline: it tends to be considered more of a neurotransmitter than a hormone, it helps adrenaline and to develop its function.
6. Anti-Mullerian Hormone: Helps to accurately calculate a woman’s egg stores by measuring available oocytes.
7. Growth hormone: as its name indicates, it regulates the growth of the individual and also stimulates cell division by managing the process of mitosis.
8. Histamine: participates in the immune response to a stressor stimulus from the environment. It is responsible for inciting inflammation of the tissues and also stimulates the production of gastric acid in the stomach.
9. Oxytocin: stimulates the secretion of milk from the breasts.
10. Renin: Produced in the kidney, renin has the function of stimulating the production of angiotensin.
11. Encephalin: Encephalin regulates the sensation and perception of pain.
12. Aldosterone: Aldosterone participates in the reabsorption of sodium and the secretion of potassium in the kidney, which increases the blood pressure.
13. Estrone: Estrone acts in the development of sexual characteristics and the female reproductive organs, in addition to increasing the anabolism of proteins.
14. Estradiol: Estradiol promotes the differentiation of female secondary sexual characteristics and intervenes in growth, in addition to increasing water and sodium retention. In men it prevents the death of germ cells.
15. Secretin: Secretin stimulates bicarbonate secretion and stops the production of gastric juices.
16. Thrombopoietin: Thrombopoietin stimulates the production of platelets.
17. Thyrotropin: Thyrotropin stimulates the secretion of thyroxine and triiodothyronine.
18. Thyrotropin-releasing hormone: As its name suggests, it is the hormone that is responsible for releasing thyrotropin.
19. Prolactin releasing factor: Stimulates the release of the hormone prolactin.
20. Lipotropin : Lipotropin stimulates melanin production, lipolysis, and steroid synthesis.
21. Triiodothyronine : Triiodothyronine has the same function as tetraiodothyronine but performs it in a more powerful way.
22. Prostaglandin: Prostaglandin regulates aspects related to blood pressure, the inflammatory immune response and the activity of the digestive system .
23. Corticotropin: Corticotropin has the function of stimulating the adrenal glands to produce, mainly, cortisol and testosterone.
24. Estriol: Estriol is responsible for ensuring that the placenta and fetus are in good condition, its levels increasing during pregnancy and decreasing at the time of delivery.
25. Somatocrinin: Somatocrinin has the function of stimulating the production of growth hormone.
26. Gastric inhibitory peptide: Gastric inhibitory peptide stimulates insulin secretion and triglyceride synthesis in adipose tissue. It also decreases gastric movement.
27. Parathyroid hormone : Parathyroid hormone increases the concentration of calcium in the blood and at the same time decreases that of sodium.
28. Orexin: Orexin is responsible for inciting a greater appetite and controls metabolic energy expenditure.
29. Angiotensin: Angiotensin has the function of causing vasoconstriction in order to increase blood pressure.
30. Somatomedin: Somatomedin has similar functions to insulin.
31. Human placental lactogen : Human placental lactogen is produced in the placenta to alter a woman’s metabolism during pregnancy by stimulating insulin production so that more energy reaches the fetus.
32. Human Chorionic Gonadotropin: Human chorionic gonadotropin is responsible for maintaining the corpus luteum during pregnancy and also inhibits the immune system response against the developing fetus.