A narrator is known as that person who knows a thing or situation. The narrative is its result; That is why to carry out this act it is necessary to have a content to be expressed, which may be fictitious or real, it must be exposed to a public. Narrating, based on a literary context, is to relate or tell events, anecdotes or history, in sequence or order, beginning with the exposition of the characters, the temporal-spatial context and the other data that allow understanding the story.

However, on certain occasions this order is not respected and the story appears initiated by an epilogue or a denouement, since the events may or may not be related in chronological order. Unlike an author, the narrator can relate in the first person , as a witness or character narrator, or when he is involved in the story; or you can also do it in the third person, in case you are an external narrator.

Among the characters there are the main ones, without this the story would be meaningless, and there are also the secondary ones whose purpose is to provide details, however they are essential.

The narratives are present in the history books, at the time of recounting actions such as discoveries or wars, or in the newspapers, when they tell us a story, in the newspapers, when they tell us a story. When we observe the narratives they can be real, such in the cases of those related in a book or a historical diary, but they can also be fictitious such as legends, fables, stories, novels and myths.

In this same vein, the narratives can be exhibited in magazines, books and newspapers, to reach the public in greater volume.

Narrator types

• 3rd person: an omniscient narrator (who knows everything) is one who has absolute and total knowledge. You know exactly what the characters are thinking: sensations, feelings, intentions, plans, etc.

Observing narrator only expresses what he sees. The narrator tells what he can observe, just like a camera does.

• 2nd person: the narrator expresses himself in 2nd person. It has the effect of telling the story to itself.
• 1st person: protagonist narrator. The narrator is also part of the story as a protagonist ( fictional or real autobiography ) as
  a secondary character narrator . The narrator is clearly a witness who has attended the development of the events.

Importance of the narrator in the play

The importance of a narrator is indisputable, since the narrator contributes largely to achieve the objectivity of what is narrated.

The narrator is of the utmost importance, and according to his position within the narrative, he makes it diverse; is in charge of exposing or narrating the events embodied in a literary work. Usually you have the idea that the narrator is the same writer. However, it is the voice that tells the reader what is happening in the narrative. It presents the characters of the literary work and places the action of the facts in a space and in a given time.

The chronological order of events is given by the narrator. He is in charge of organizing the imaginary events in time, he gives them a sequence, basically, he chooses the order in which he will tell them. This ability allows you to follow a logical order in which events are supposed to take place, or to follow an order of importance or any other.

Functions of the narrator’s speech

• Narrative function : it is essential, since the narrator is defined by his activity of narrating a story.
• Control function : it refers to the narrator’s ability to influence his own discourse starting from a meta-narrative plane, basically, beyond the plane of the characters.
• Communicative function : includes the functions that make direct reference to the addressee, phatic and appellative. It also implies that the narrator acted as a speaker who addresses the interlocutor directly in order to influence him.